Therefore, current will flow downward toward The electrons in the collector terminal are repelled by this voltage. We place positive voltage to the emitter region. We want current to flow from the collector to the emitter region. The emitter region of an NPN is made up of N material, which are electrons. You need to know to understand transistors. This means 2 positive charges will repel each other and 2 negative charges will repel each other, while opposite charges will attract each other. It is the concept that like charges repel each other and opposite charges attract each other. If you know this, you canįigure out how a transistor works. In order to understand how a transistor, there is basically one physics law to understand and that is the law of charges. The end goal is that we want to bias our circuit so that current flows across from the collector to emitter to power the load But to know how to properly bias the transistor, you must know how the transistor is internally constructed.Īs stated before, an NPN transistor is made up of 2 layers of N materials, electrons, representing negative charges, sandwiching a This is what we are doing now, we are biasing the transistor so that currentĬan flow. However, if a semiconductor is biased properly, meaning voltage is allocatedĪppropriately to the parts of a transistor, then a great amount of current can flow. A semiconductor is in an intermediate state between a conductor, which allows for the free and easy movement ofĮlectrons and an insulator, which offers great resistance to the flow of electrons.
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